The tensile testing laboratory was conducted using an instron load frame and the bluehill data acquisition software. The experimental and referenced values for each metal were compared. In the test, a hardened steel or cemented carbide ball of 10mm diameter is pressed into the surface of a specimen using a load of 500, 1500, or 3000 kg. Steps to check and record brinell hardness of specimen, 3. Four different materials were tested, including 6061t6 aluminum alloy, a36 hot. Brinell hardness test lab report hardness is the mechanical property of the material which helps him in resisting the plastic deformation of the material. The purpose of this experiment is to determine the hardness of a water sample by measuring the amount of calcium present. The materials and the aforesaid property have significant use in civil engineering. This analysis will utilize the method of titration. Hardness is a critical property for many applications. Preliminary test loads preloads range from 3 kgf used in the superficial rockwell scale to 10 kgf used in the regular rockwell scale. Rockwell hardness test the rockwell hardness test is a hardness measurement based on the net increase in depth of impression as a load is applied.
Hardness test report sample fill online, printable, fillable, blank. Hardness testing vickers hardness test the vickers hardness test method consists of indenting the test material with a diamond indenter, in the form of a pyramid with a square base and an angle of 6. Tableofcontents listoffigures ix listoftables xii 1. Vickers hardness test method indentec hardness testing. Review of good technique for sampling water sample early in morning, fill sample bottle to rim to minimize air contact day 2. The harder the materials, the greater the resistance to penetration. Material science hardness test lab report free download as word doc.
Instructions and help about hardness test report format. For softer materials the load can be reduced to 1500 kg or 500 kg to avoid excessive indentation. Sandland at vickers ltd as an alternative to the brinell method to measure the hardness of materials. For example, both the hardness test and the tensile test measure the. Understanding the jominy end quench test article pdf available in industrial heating 68.
The brinell hardness test method consists of indenting the test material with a tungsten carbide ball of either 1, 2. One of the most popular hardness testing methods, brinell hardness number is obtained using a perfectly spherical hardened steel ball of 10 mm pressed against the test surface using a static force of 3000 kg 29. However, the term may also refer to stiffness or temper or to resistance to scratching, abrasion, or cutting. Conclusion the hardness test experiment was done using a. For example your fingernail without nail polish has a hardness of 2. Microhardness testing, microhardness test laboratory. Rockwell b test brinell 10500 hardness test average 99. In general, hardness results can be converted from one scale to another, so long as the test is examining the same type of hardness.
Jun 01, 2018 a hardness test is a method employed to measure the hardness of a material. In this report i have tried my best to summarize all the things that i have learnt during my stay at rine engineering pvt limited,baddi,india, in simple and effective manner. Standard test methods for vickers hardness and knoop hardness. After that, the diameter of the indentation d mm is measured when the load is removed.
Basically hardness values are arbitrary, and there are no absolute standards for hardness. A variety of tests for hardness are in use, depending on which of the. Part 1 test method the importance of learning and understanding standards requirements cannot be overemphasized. Instructions and help about pipe hardness test report form. Principally, the importance of hardness testing has to do with. Impact test conditions were chosen to represent those most severe relative to the potential. Performing a hardness test requires good technique. Naga muruga and others published hardness test report find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Rockwell scale, carbon steel, vickers hardness test pages. Jul 27, 2017 brinell hardness test is widely used for testing hardness of metals and nonmetals of low to medium hardness. Pdf brinell hardness test determination of hardness of steel and. Vickers hardness test uses the loads ranging from 1 120 kgf, applied for between 10 and 15 seconds. Hardness is not a fundamental property of a material, but a response to a particular test method. Hardness testing lab report the purpose of the following experiments is to study the hardness of different types of materials, and to understand the significance of this property in materials.
Later, in 1939, an alternative to the vickers test was introduced by fredrick knoop at the us national bureau of standards. One of the most popular hardness testing methods, brinell hardness number is obtained using a perfectly spherical. Fill out, securely sign, print or email your hardness test report format instantly with signnow. Test report format fill out and sign printable pdf template. Indentec hardness testing machines limited, west midlands, dy9 8hx.
The experimental and referenced values for each metal were. Test report format fill out and sign printable pdf. The end of test report test sample the content of this pdf file is accordance with the original issued. Since different materials behave in different ways, there are three. Lab 3 tension test objectives concepts background experimental procedure report requirements discussion objectives experimentally determine the yield strength, tensile strength, and modules of. Vickers test the vickers hardness test is based on the same principle as the brinell test, except the indenter is a diamond pyramid with square base. Diameters of the different balls used in brinell hardness test. Principally, the importance of hardness testing has to do with the relationship between hardness and other properties of material. The hardness of materials are test by pressing a steel ball or tungsten carbide ball for a time of 10 to 15 seconds into the surface of specimen by a standard load f kgf. The full load is normally applied for 10 to 15 seconds. Practical hardness testing made simple 10 an international standard, issued by iso international standards organisation, available on this subject is. Hardness testing with zwickroell intelligent testing. Plastics deformation can be form the starching, compression or due to indentation of any object in the work piece.
Standard test method for rubber propertydurometer hardness1. Standard test methods for vickers hardness and knoop. What was amazing was that they all had different hardness results even though they took their readings from the same source. There are numerous techniques to measure hardness and each of these tests can identify varying hardness values for a single material under testing. Hardness laboratory engineering swarthmore college. The brinell hardness test method consists of indenting the test material with a 10 mm diameter hardened steel or carbide ball subjected to a load of 3000 kg. Tensile test machines with compression platen, 10mm diameter brinell indenter ball fixture and controller reticular eye piece microscope procedure brinell hardness test per astm e10 standard test method for brinell hardness of metallic materials. The most secure digital platform to get legally binding, electronically signed documents in. Pdf brinell hardness test determination of hardness of.
Fundamentals of rockwell hardness testing like the brinell, vickers, knoop, scleroscope and leeb tests all of which fall in the general category of indentation hardness tests the rockwell test is a measure of the resistance of material, specifically metals, to permanent indentation. Brinell hardness test determination of hardness of steel and aluminum. The ease with which the hardness test can be made has made it the most common method of inspection for metals and alloys. I was in need of replacing my water softener so i entertained 5 different quotes from 5 different companies. Hardness refers to a materials resistance to permanent indentation. The hardness test experiment was done using a brinell and a rockwell testers. This is an inexpensive way to test your water hardness. Tensile testing and hardness testing of various metals. Indentation hardness is not a fundamental property of a. Iso 65061 metallic materials brinell hardness test. Four different materials were tested, including 6061t6 aluminum alloy, a36 hot rolled steel, polymethylmethacrylate pmma, cast acrylic, and polycarbonate. Table 2 showed that the percent differences for rockwell test were smaller than for the brinell test. The knoop test utilized a shallower, elongated format of the diamond pyramid. Macroindentation tests include vickers, rockwell and brinell.
Mohs hardness scale lab millersburg area school district. The vickers hardness test was developed in 1921 by robert l. Tensile test machines with compression platen, 10mm diameter brinell indenter ball fixture and controller. The indenter is forced into the test material under a preliminary minor load 0 fig. In the lab, we use the two most common rockwell scales.
To determine the rockwell hardness of a given test specimen ii. Generally as hardness increases so does yield strength and ultimate tensile strength uts, thus specifications often require the results of hardness tests rather. As a result of the indenters shape, the impression on. Hardness lab report hardness testing experiment 4 engr229. The vickers hardness test uses a square base diamond pyramid as the indenter.
The samples were cylindrical in cross section, with a reduced gage. Rockwell hardness tester with 116 inch ball indenter tip and 100 kg of mass weights. Fortunately, there is a relatively easy method to measure the hardness of materials, called the vickers hardness test. Page 1 definition defined as the resistance of metal to plastic deformation, usually by indentation. Total test forces range from 15kgf to 150 kgf superficial and. The vickers hardness number vhn of materials is obtained by. Since the ability of the material to resist deformation is related to the yield point and the materials capacity for workhardening, the result is actually a meas.
Hardness testing vickers hardness test the vickers hardness test method consists of indenting the test material with a diamond indenter, in the form of a pyramid with a square base and an angle of 6 degrees between opposite faces subjected to a test force of between 1gf and 100kgf. The data used for this lab report was not gathered from the student run experiments, but rather from standardized testing performed by the laboratory professor, to ensure accurate and consistent results. For example, both the hardness test and the tensile test measure the resistance of a metal to plastic flow, and results of these tests may closely parallel each other. The angle between the faces of pyramid is 60 as shown in figure2. Test sample the end of test report the content of this pdf file is accordance with the original issued. The included angle between the opposite faces of the pyramid is l36. Hardness it is defined as the resistance of a metal to plastic deformation against indentation, scratching, abrasion of cutting. To introduce the principles of indentation hardness testing, emphasizing the limitations and significance of the results. Durometers with maximum reading indicators used to determine maximum hardness values of a material may yield lower hardness when the maximum indicator is used. Hardness is generally considered as resistance to penetration. Abstract the objective of this experiment is to measure the hardness values of different specimens using four test methods. Material science hardness test lab report hardness chemical. Microhardness testing is a method of determining a materials hardness or resistance to penetration when test samples are very. Microhardness testing is a method of determining a materials hardness or resistance to penetration when test samples are very small or thin, or when small regions in a composite sample or plating are to be measured.
The vickers hardness tester operates on the same basic principle as the brinell tester, the numbers being expressed in the terms of load and area of the impression. Brinell hardness test method indentec hardness testing. Zwickroell hardness testers, test blocks and indenters are supplied with. You need to find a quality surface or edge on your unknown to. Durometers with maximum reading indicators used to. According to the metals handbook, hardness is defined as the resistance to plastic deformation. These results suggest that the rockwell hardness test is a poor test to determine composition of specimens, although, in practice, hardness tests. The full load is normally applied for 10 to 15 seconds in the case of iron and steel and for at least. In dynamic hardness tests, an object of standard mass and dimensions is bounced back from a surface. It is named after the swedish engineer who developed it in the 19th century.